Galapagos penguins are the only penguin species that naturally live in the tropics near the equator.
This species of penguin is found only in the Galapagos Islands, specifically on the west coast of Isabela, Fernandina, Santiago, Bartolomé and Floreana Islands.
The Galapagos penguin can survive in the tropics due to the unique confluence of the cool, nutrient-rich Humboldt and Cromwell ocean currents. They have some evolutionary adaptations to help with survival such as molting twice a year, spreading out their flippers to release heat from the equatorial sun, and panting like dogs.
At 19in (49cm) and 5.5lbs (~2.5kg) they are the second smallest species of penguin in the world and mainly hunt small schooling fish such as sardines, mullet and anchovies in groups close to shore.
Best ways to see Galapagos Penguins (When & Where)
They are often seen basking in the sun on lava rocks near the shore of Santiago, Bartolomé, Floreana, Pinzon and on a Los Tuneles Tour along the western side of Isabela Islands.
Though considered flightless birds, they seem to fly through the water as they spin and bolt while hunting fish.
They tend to be more active during the cooler season (June – December) when the stronger currents bring more prey closer to shore.
